Conducting polymer, 1-octadecene, polymer with 2,5 furnadione, metal salts

ABSTRACT

A Polymer having an acid number greater than 100. The Polymer has a valent metal ion which is bonded to at least one reactive group. The characteristics of the Polymer include, conductivities of 4 S/cm to 200 S/cm or more, depending upon the concentration and nature of the metal bound. The conductivity proportional to the amount of metal bound, the ability of the Polymer to bind metals having a +1, +2, +3, +4, or +5 valence charge to the Polymer, and the ability to bind two or more different metals to separate binding sites on the Polymer.

RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS

There are no related patent applications.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to 1-OCTADECENE, POLYMER WITH 2,5FURANDIONE, METAL SALTS and more particularly pertains to the use of1-OCTADECENE, POLYMER WITH 2,5 FURANDIONE, METAL SALTS as ConductingPolymers. The Method of Using 1-OCTADECENE, POLYMER WITH 2,5 FURANDIONE,METAL SALTS to carry out various functions, is described herein.

2. Description of the Prior Art

Prior to 1988, all carbon-based polymers were exclusively classified asinsulators. In fact, plastics have been used expensively in theelectronics industry because of this very property. In 1979, Diaz andcoworkers reported the conductive properties of polypyrrole. (Diaz, A.F., Kanazawa, K. K., and Gardini, G. P., Electrochemical Polymerizationof Pyrrole, J Chem Soc Chem Commun, 635-6 (1979).) To date, numerousintrinsically conductive polymers or electroactive polymers have beendeveloped. These polymers have versatile promising applications in theareas of electronic devices (Novak, P., Muller, K., Santhanam, K. S. V.,and Haas, O., Electrochemically active polymers for rechargeablebatteries, Chem Rev, 97, 207 (1997)), optical devices (Potember, R. S.,Hoffman, R. C., Hu, H. S., Cocchiaro, J. E., Viands, C. A., Murphy, R.A., and Poehler, T. O., Conducting organics and polymers for electronicand optical devices, Polymer, 28, 574 (1987)), sensors (Nicholas, M.,Fabre, B., and Simonet, J., Electrochemical Sensing of F⁻ and Cl⁻ with aBoric Ester-Functionalized Polypyrrole, J Electroanal Chem, 5091(2001)), energy storage, medicine, and electrical infrastructure.

Intrinsically Conductive Polymers:

Intrinsically Conductive Polymers are polymeric organic compounds thatexhibit the property of electrical conductivity. In general, thesematerials are either semiconductors or have metal conductivity.Conducting polymers have carbon backbones consisting of conjugated sp²hybridized carbon bonds. One valence electron associated with each ofthese sp² hybridized carbon atoms exists in a p_(z) orbital orthogonallypositioned relative to the three sigma bonds associated with thehybridized carbon atom. The electrons in these p_(z) orbitals are termeddelocalized and generally have high mobility when the material is“doped” by oxidation, a process that removes some of these delocalizedelectrons. Similarly, intrinsically conductive polymers can be createdby the reduction of conjugated carbon backbones. In general, mostconductive polymers are “doped” by oxidation to give “p-type” materials.This process is analogous to the doping of silicon semiconductors.

To date, these polymer preparations all suffer from the samedrawbacks—poor processability and the lack of essential mechanicalproperties. In an attempt to address these limitations, efforts havebeen directed toward the production of composites of conducting polymerfilms and insulating polymers. For example, an insulating polymer, suchas polycarbonate, is combined with a conducting polymer, such aspolypyrrole, to produce conducting polymer composites that areconductive and have better mechanical functionality. (Wang, H. L.,Toppare, L., and Fernandez, J. E., Conducting polymer blends:polythiophene and polypyrrole blends with polystyrene and poly(bisphenolA carbonate), Macromolecules, 23, 1053-9 (1990).)

Other insulating polymers used include poly(styrenesulphonate) (Otero,T. F., and Sansinena, J. M., Influence of synthesis conditions onpolypyrrole-poly(styrenesulphonate) composite electroactivity, JElectroanal Chem, 412, 109-16 (1996)), poly(vinylchloride) (De Paoli, M.A., Waltman, R. J., Diaz, A. F., and Bargon, J, An electricallyconductive plastic composite derived from polypyrrole andpoly(vinylchloride), J Polym Sci Polym Chem Ed, 23, 1687-97 (1985)),nitrile rubber (Naoi, K., and Osaka, T., Highly enhanced aniondoping-undoping process at the polypyrrole electrode of regulatedmorphology prepared with the aid of insulating NBR film, J ElectrochemSoc Electrochem Sci Tech, 134, 2479-83 (1987)), polyimide (Iroh, J. O.,and Levine, K., Electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole/polyimideconducting composite using a polyamic acid precursor, Eur Polym J, 38,1547-50 (2002)), and poly(vinyl alcohol) (Gangopadhyay, R., and De, A.,Conducting polymer composites: novel materials for gas sensing. Sensorsand Actuators B, 77, 326-9 (2001)). Other conducting polymers reportedinclude polyaniline and polythiophene.

Energy storage devices have been reported that include an electrodecomposed of a conducting polymer and either a liquid or solidelectrolyte. In solid state devices, a layer of electrolyte issandwiched, either neet or impregnated in a matrix, between twoelectrodes. Performance of the storage devices is enhanced byelectrochemically doping the conducting polymers with a dopant anion orcation. In these devices, the conducting polymer serves as theelectronic conductor and the electrolyte matrix serves as the ionicconductor. The major drawback reported with these devices is therelatively low diffusion rate of the dopant ion into the polymerelectrode, resulting in a high degree of internal resistance and areduction in device performance.

Novel composites of an ionic conducting polymer and an electronicconducting polymer have also been reported (Berthier, C. M, Friend, R.H., Novel composites of an ionic conducting polymer and an electronicconducting polymer, U.S. Pat. No. 4,681,822.) These composites arecomposed of interpenetrating networks of a continuous electronicconducting material and a continuous ionic conducting material.Electronic conducting materials include polyacetylene, polyphenylene,polyphenyl diphenyl vinylene or a substituted polyacetylene, which areintimately mixed with a continuous ionic conducting material, defined as“a mixture of a complex of an ionic salt and a polymeric solvating agentsuch that the ionic conducting material has an increased melting pointover its normal melting point.” The ionic salts used were limited topolyatomic anions, such as AsF₆ ⁻, PF₆ ⁻, BF₄ ⁻ and Cl₄ ⁻, and alkalimetal cations.

Additionally, in order to be effective, these ionic salts had to bemixed with a polymeric solvating agent, such as a polyalkylene oxide,capable of solvating the ionic salt. Additionally, the electronicconducting polymer must contain conjugated carbon-carbon double bondscapable of forming either “p-type” or “n-type” materials. The majoradvantage of these composites over the related conductingpolymer/liquid-solid electrolyte devices is an increase in the iondiffusion rate of the dopant ion, and hence improved performance of thesolid state energy storage device.

Nanoparticle Composites:

Numerous organic compound/metal nanoparticle composite conductivematerials have been reported. Yang, et. at., reported the synthesis ofpolypyrrole/silver conducting nanotubes. (Yang, X., Li, L., Yan, F.,Fabrication of Polypyrrole/Ag Composite Nanotubes via In Situ Reductionof AgNO₃ on Polypyrrole Nanotubes, Chemistry Letters, 39(2): 118(2009).) Meftah et. al., reported the synthesis of nickelnanoparticle/polyaniline composite films and their use in electronics,electrocatalystics, and optoelectronics. (Meftah, A. M., Saion, E., Abd,M., Mohd, M. B., Zainuddin, H. B., Absorbance of NickelNanoparticles/Polyaniline Composite Films Prepared by RadiationTechnique, Solid State Science and Technology, 17(2), 167-174 (2009).)

Buttry in U.S. Patent Application 2009/0272949A1 discloses a method ofproducing metal oxide nanoparticles encapsulated with conductingpolymers that are suitable for use as lithium ion battery cathodes or ascatalytic materials. (Buttry, D. A., Method for Producing Metal OxideNanoparticles Encapsulated with Conducting Polymers, United StatesPatent Application Publication US 2009/0272949A2, 2009). Holliday in USPatent Application 2010/0038599A1 discloses compounds comprised of atleast one semiconductor and/or photon absorber covalently linked to aconjugated conductive polymer. (Holliday, B. J., PolymerizableSemiconductors, Polymers Thereof, and Methods of Making and Using Same,United States Patent Application Publication US 2010/0038599A1, 2010).In all cases, and as seen with intrinsically conductive polymers, thepolymers reported in these nanocomposite systems all contained eitherconjugated double bond systems or electron systems delocalized overseveral conjugated carbon atoms.

Metal-Containing Polymers

In 1979, Dawans and Morel reported, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,150,067, thedevelopment of organometallic polymers consisting of a backbone ofsaturated carbon atoms complexed to transition metal atoms. In order toobtain these organometallic materials, the polymers had to containfluororcarboxylic acid groups, and the transition metals required ligandstabilization. As these inventors stated “ . . . there was an interestin the preparation of polymers including groups able to enhance thecatalytic activity of the metal while maintaining said metal stronglybound to the polymeric carrier, in order to avoid that the catalyticcomplex be liberated in the medium during the reaction . . . . It hasnow been discovered that polymers containing the convenientfluorocarboxylic acid groups may be used as carriers for metal derivatesand lead in particular to the formation of very active catalysts forvarious reactions.” (Dawans, F., Morel, D., Metal-Containing Polymers,Their Manufacture and Use, U.S. Pat. No. 4,150,067 (1979).) Thus, theseinventors taught away from the concept that carboxylic acid groups alonecould sufficiently bind metals strongly to the polymeric carrier,thereby avoiding liberation during subsequent reactions.

Use of 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5 Furandione in Conducting Polymers:

Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) based solid polymer electrolytes have beenwidely reported due to the observation that the ethylene oxide unitsprovide for the efficient solvation of metal cations. (Armand, M. B. InPolymer Electrolytes Review; McCallum, J. R., Vincent, C., Eds.;Elsevier Applied Science: London, 1987; Vol. 1, pl.; Gray, F. M. PolymerElectrolytes; The Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, (1997). Due tothe high crystallization aptitude of PEO, low conductivity of the saltcomplexes is observed at room temperature, thereby limiting its use insolid state electrochemical devices. To overcome this deficiency,poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether (PEGME) has been grafted into theside chain of polymers such as polyacrylate and maleic anhydridecopolymers. Tang and coworkers describe the synthesis and properties ofmultifunctional comb-like polymer electrolytes synthesized usingpoly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether (PEGME) as the metal-binding sidechain and poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) (PMAO) as thebackbone. (Tang, Z-l., Qi, L., Gao, G-t., Sun, M., Dong, S-j. Synthesisand Properties of Multifunctional Comblike Polymer Electrolytes, Journalof Functional Polymers, 21(1): 36-43, (2008).)

Saad and coworkers reported on the electrical properties of poly(vinylchloride) (PVC) compositions containing PVC, a polar plasticizer, and acopolymer of 1-octadecene and maleic anhydride. (Saad, A. L. G., Hassan,A. M., Gad, E. A. M. Electrical Properties of Poly(vinyl chloride)Compositions, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 49(10): 1725-31(1993).) Electrically conductive polymer-filler composites comprised ofa polycarbonate and an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer whereinthe ratio of the polycarbonate and the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrenecopolymer ranged from 4 to 6 to 6 to 4 have been reported by Kim andcoworkers. (Kim, W. and Lee, Y., Electrically Conductive Polymer/FillerComposites, International Patent Application No.: PCT/KR2011/010189,Publication Number WO20122012115344.)

Additionally, polymeric Langmuir-Blodgett films containing a metalbinding ligand, such as imidazole, formed from polymers obtained by thereaction of histamine with poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) havebeen reported. (Jeong, H., Lee, B-J., Cho, W. J., Ha, C-S., PolymericLangmuir-Blodgett Films Containing Imidazole-coordinated MetalComplexes, Polymer, 41(14): 5525-5529 (2000); Jung, S-B., Yoo, S-Y.,Kwon, Y-S., Characterization of Metal-ion Complexes of IMI-O Polymer LBFilms, J. Kor. Phys. Soc., 37(4): 378-308 (2000); Yoo, S-Y., Shin, H-K.,Jeong, H., Park, J-C., Kwon, Y-S., Structure Analysis of Langmuir andLangmuir-Blodgett Films with Metal Complexes, Mol. Cryst. and Liq.Cryst., 337:357-360 (1999).) Similar films using polymers composed ofother nitrogen-containing metal-binding ligands, such as4-aminopyridine, 4-aminomethylpyridine, or polyimide, have also beenreported. (Nagel, J., Ulrich, O., Langmuir-Blodgett Layers fromPolymer-metal Complexes: Behavior of Monolayers and Preparation ofMultilayers, Polymer, 36(2):381-386 (1995); Bruckner-Lea, C., Petelenz,D., Janata, Use of Poly(octadec-1-ene-maleic anhydride) for InterfacingBilayer Membrane Supports in Sensor Applications, J., Microchimica Acta100:169-185 (1990).)

Hydrophobicity and Acid Number:

In reference to polymeric materials containing carboxylic acidfunctional groups, acid number is defined as the number of milligrams ofpotassium hydroxide required to neutralize 1 gram of the polymer. Thus,it is representative of the molar ratio of carboxylic acid groups topolymer and reflects the polar acid content of the polymers or resins.The greater the acid value, the greater the number of carboxylic acidgroups, and the greater the polarity of the molecule.

In reference to Poly(octadec-1-ene-maleic anhydride), Suzuki, Y in U.S.Pat. No. 5,298,568 described a modified olefin resin which can bedissolved in water by neutralization with an alkali and has an acidvalue of at least 30. These resins were obtained from “an α-olefinhaving at leas 6 carbon atoms and maleic anhydride with at least onemodifier have at least one functional group selected from the classconsisting of hydroxyl, amino, aziridinyl and mercapto groups”. Further,he teaches that in order to obtain the desired water solubility, the“acid value of the modified olefin resin is at least 30, preferably 80or more. A modified resin having an acid value less than 30 hardly showsalkali solubility and water compatibility”.

Suzuki teaches that resins with low acid numbers (less than 30) arewater insoluble, while those greater than 30 are water soluble. Suzukiteaches away from the polymers described in the present invention, asthe polymers described in the present invention are water insoluble andhydrophobic with acid numbers greater than 100. The resins disclosed bySuzuki are also limited in the metals they are capable of binding.Suzuki discloses that his resins bind transition metal compounds havinga valence of at least 2. The polymers described in the present inventionare capable of binding metal compounds having a valence of at least 1.Koide, et al., in Japanese Patent Number 05-202234 describe copolymerresins composed of an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated monomer with anethylenically unsaturated dibasic acid or its anhydride that arechelating agents. The resins described by Koide, having an acid value of20 to 100, are hydrophobic, while those with greater acid values arehydrophilic. The polymers detailed in the present invention arewater-insoluble, hydrophobic chelating agents having acid numbersgreater than 100. Additionally, the agents described by Koide chelatesodium, potassium, and magnesium. The polymers disclosed in the presentinvention do not bind sodium, potassium, or magnesium. Thus, Koideteaches away from ethylene-based, water-insoluble, hydrophobic polymershaving acid numbers greater than 100 that are able to bind metals.

Limitations of Current Conducting Polymers:

Presently, all conducting polymers suffer from one or more of thefollowing limitations: poor processability, the lack of essentialmechanical properties, and a high degree of internal resistance andlimited device performance with polymers containing dopant ions.Further, all conducting polymers structurally require either conjugatedmultiple bond systems or fluorocarboxylic acid functional groups andligand-stabilized transition metals. Thus, the prior art teaches awayfrom conducting polymers, such as 1-octadecene, polymer with 2,5furandione, metal salts, that do not contain conjugated multiple bondsystems, fluorocarboxylic acid functional groups, or ligand-stabilizedtransition metals.

Further, the use of 1-octadecene, polymer with 2,5 furandione as acomponent in conducting polymers has been limited to its use solely as abackbone, or support. These observations indicate that the use of1-octadecene, polymer with 2,5 furandione as both a backbone or supportand the metal binding functional group was not anticipated or obvious tothose schooled in the art.

In summary, the characteristics of the polymer described herein are notpredicted in the literature, as conductivity is obtained without therequirements for either a conjugated multiple bond system orfluororcarboxylic acid functional groups and ligand-stabilizedtransition metals. As such, the use of the polymer as a conductor in themanner described is unexpected, constitutes a new and unexpected use forthe polymer, and functions in a new, unanticipated manner.

While these compounds disclosed in the prior art fulfill theirrespective, particular objectives and requirements, the aforementionedpatents and prior art do not describe the Conducting Polymers,1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5 Furandione, Metal Salts that allow theuse of conducting polymers without the need for conjugated multiple bondsystems or fluorocarboxylic acid functional groups, ligand-stabilizedtransition metals, or metal binding homopolymer components.

In this respect, the Conducting Polymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5Furandione, Metal Salts, according to the present inventionsubstantially depart from the conventional concepts and compoundsdescribed in the prior art, and in doing so provide unique conductivepolymer compounds capable of electron transmission.

Therefore, it can be appreciated that there exists a continuing need fornew and improved Conducting Polymers, and 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5Furandione, Metal Salts, which can be used for electron transmission. Inthis regard, the present invention substantially fulfills this need.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

1-Octadecene, Polymer With 2,5 Furandione, Metal Salts, prepared from1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5 Furandione, Sodium Salt, as previouslydescribed (Laurino, J. P., U.S. Pat. No. 7,964,688) or by otherpreparative means as would be evident to those skilled in the art,possess novel conductive polymer characteristics. The characteristicsinclude, but are not limited to, conductivities of 4 S/cm to 200 S/cm ormore, depending upon the concentration and nature of the metal bound,conductivities proportional to the amount of metal bound to the polymer,the ability to bind metals having a +1, +2, +3, +4, or +5 valence chargeto the polymer, and the ability to bind two or more different metals toseparate binding sites on the polymer.

Essential Characteristics of the Polymers:

The polymers, as herein described, contain numerous carboxylate groupsdirectly bound to the polymer backbone that provide the hydrophilicmetal-binding characteristics. The polymers also contain a waterinsoluble hydrophobic aliphatic polymer backbone. These polymers providespecific, selective, and fast complexation of metal ions, therebyproducing conductive polymer materials.

Comparison of Conductivities:

The conductivities of various conductive polymers are given in the tablebelow:

POLYMER CONDUCTIVITY (S/cm) Polyaniline  10* Poly(p-phenylene vinylene) 1* Polythiophene 200* Polypyrrole 600* Poly-p-phenylene sulphide  20*1-Octadecene, Polymer With 2,5 250  Furandione, Iron (III) Salt1-Octadecene, Polymer With 2,5 20 Furandione, Copper (II) Salt1-Octadecene, Polymer With 2,5  5 Furandione, Nickel (II) Salts1-Octadecene, Polymer With 2,5  5 Furandione, Cadmium (II) Salts1-Octadecene, Polymer With 2,5 20 Furandione, Zinc (II) Salts *Asreported in Kumar, D., Sharma, R. C., Eur. Polym. J., 34(8): 1053-1060(1998)

The conductivity readings of the 1-Octadecene, Polymer With 2,5Furandione, Metal Salts were obtained using the lowest concentration ofmetal salt solution for the conducting polymer preparation. Increasingconductivities were obtained when metal salt solutions of increasingconcentrations were used for the preparation of the conducting1-octadecene, polymer with 2,5 furandione, metal salts.

The polymers, herein described, have several potential uses that arebeneficial. The polymers can be used as a conducting means of electricalenergy. The term “conducting means” which is at least one structuresfrom the group of structures, which ar used for the conduction ofelectricity, which includes films, wires, electrodes, nanowires, fibers,filaments, inks, printed circuits, and printed products.

The polymer can also be used as an “electronic component means,” whichis at least one member of the group of electronic components whichincludes electrolytic capacitors, switches, injection molded products,temperature gauges, solenoids, photovoltaic cells, displays, electricglues, energy storage cells including batteries, semiconductors,biosensors, and devices which are used to measure electrical impedance.When used in energy storage cells, it is understood that at least onecell of the energy storage cell utilizes the polymer herein described.The energy storage cells are comprised of at least two electrodesassociated with at least one cell.

Additionally, since the role of transition metal ions as disinfectantsof bacteria and viruses has been previously reported (McDevitt, C. A.,Ogunniyi, A. D., Valkov, E., Lawrence, M. C., Kobe, B., McEwan, A. G.,Paton, J. C., A Molecular Mechanism for Bacterial Susceptibility toZinc, PLoS Pathog. 7(11) 2011; Thurman, R. B., Gerba, C. P., Bitton, G.,The Molecular Mechanisms of Copper and Silver Ion Disinfection ofBacteria and Viruses, Crit. Rev. in Environ. Control. 18(4):295-315(1989); Molteni, C., Abicht, H. K., Solioz, M., Killing of Bacteria byCopper Surfaces Involves Dissolved Copper, Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,76(12): 4099-4101 (2010)), these unique metal-bonded polymers can serveas components of antimicrobial and antiviral “barrier means”, which isat least one of a group of barrier means which includes bandages, gowns,gloves, sutures, surgical draping, clothing, bedding, and barrier itemsincluding sheets, screens, bags, masks, head covers, air filters, roomdividers, flooring, and injection molded plastics.

Lead has long been recognized as a highly effective material inproviding a protection barrier from various sources of radiation (AGuide to the Use of Lead for Radiation Shielding, A publication of theLead Industries Association, Inc., 292 Madison Avenue, New York, N.Y.).As such, these unique lead-bonded and other metal-bonded polymers canserve as components of “radiation barrier means”, which is at least oneof the group of radiation barriers which includes clothing, gloves,screens, room partitions, draping, sheets, bedding, gowns, bags, masks,head covers, air filters, room dividers, flooring, and injection moldedplastics.

Similarly, these polymers can also be used as an “anti-fouling means”,which is at least one of the group of anti-fouling agents which includesanti-mold agents, anti-mildew agents, anti-algal agents, andanti-fouling agents. (Kheybari, S., Samadi, N., Hosseini, S. V., Fazeli,A., Fazeli, M. R., Synthesis and Antimicrobial Effects of SilverNanoparticles Produced by Chemical Reduction Method, Daru, 18(3):168-172 (2010); Schiff, K., Diehl, D., Valkirs, A., Copper Emissionsfrom Antifouling Paint on Recreational Vehicles, Marine PollutionBulletin, 48(3-4):371-377 (2004)).

These polymers can be used in the preparation of “photographic means”,which is at least one of the group of photographic materials whichincludes photosensitive materials containing polymer chelated metals,such as silver, platinum, palladium, and gold. (Arentz, D., Photographyin Platinum and Palladium, Platinum Metals Review, 49(4): 190-195(2005); Sun, Y., Xia, Y., Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Gold and SolverNanoparticles, Science, 298, 2176 (2002)).

These polymers can also be used in the preparation of “treatment means”,which is at least one of the group of treatments which includesanti-cancer treatments, anti-inflammatory treatments, anti-infectivetreatments, anti-diabetic pharmaceutical compounds and cosmeticpreparations. They can also be used in the preparation of dietarysupplements, diagnostic agents, and dental filings and implants. (Warra,A. A., Transition Metal Complexes and Their Application in Drugs andCosmetics—A Review, J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 951-958 (2011)).

These polymers can also be used in the preparation of chelatedfertilizers and inorganic pesticides, or “fertilizer means” and“pesticide means”, respectively. A fertilizer means is at least one ofthe group of fertilizer micronutrients which includes iron, manganese,zinc, copper, and nickel. Chelated fertilizers have been developed toincrease the utilization efficiency of micronutrients, such as iron,manganese, zinc, copper, and nickel. Since these micronutrients areeasily oxidized or precipitated in soil, the utilization of theunchelated metal is not very efficient (Liu, G., Hanlon, E., Li, Y.Understanding and Applying Chelated Fertilizers Effectively Based onSoil pH., Document HS 1208, University of Florida, HorticulturalSciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute ofFood and Agricultural Sciences, November 2012; Sekhon, B. S., Chelatesfor Micronutrient Nutrition among Crops. Resonance, 8(7): 46-53 (2003)).

Copper, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, lead, zinc, iron, manganese, and othermetals are also components of common pesticides. (Gimeno-Garcia, E,Andreu, V., Boluda, R., Heavy Metals Incidence in the Application ofInorganic Fertilizers and Pesticides to Rice Farming Soils,Environmental Pollution, 92(1): 19-25 (1996)). A pesticide means is atleast one of the group of pesticide components which includes copper,cadmium, cobalt, nickel, lead, zinc, iron, and manganese.

These polymers can also be used as a “catalyst means”. Numerousinvestigators have reported on the use of platinum-polyacid, palladiumpolyacid, rhodium metal-polymer, and other transition metal-polymercatalysts.

When used herein the term “catalyst means” is at least one of the groupof polymer catalysts that includes a transition metal (Mayer, A. B. R.,Mark, J. E., and Hausner, S. N. Collodial platinum-polyacid nanocatalystsystems), or a non transition metal. The non-transition Metals beingAluminum and Lead. The transition Metals being Scandium, Titanium,Vanadium, Chromium, Manganese, Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, Zinc,Yttrium, Zirconium, Niobium, Molybdenum, Technetium, Ruthenium, Rhodium,Palladium, Silver, Cadmium, Hafnium, Tantalum, Tungsten, Osmium,Iridium, Platinum, Gold, Mercury, Lutentium, and Rhenium.

(Angew. Makromol. Chem., 259:45-53 (1998); Mayer, A. B. R., Mark, J. E.,and Hausner, S. N. Palladium nanocatalysts protected by polyacids. J.Appl. Poly. Sci., 70(6):1209-1219 (1998); Banavali, R., Deetz, M. J.,and Schultz, A. K. Transition Metal Catalysts, in The Power ofFunctional Resins in Organic Synthesis (eds. J. Tulla-Puche and F.Albericio), Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany (2009).)

In view of the foregoing disadvantages inherent in the known types ofconducting polymers now present in the prior art, the present inventionprovides improved conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5Furandione, Metal Salts. As such, the general purpose of the presentinvention, which will be described subsequently in greater detail, is toprovide a new conducting polymer which has all the advantages of theprior art and none of the disadvantages.

To attain this, the present invention essentially comprises a conducingpolymer comprising an aliphatic polymer backbone. The backbone is ahydrophobic, aliphatic, saturated carbon atom structure. There are twometal carboxylate groups per repeating unit that are directly bound tothe polymer backbone.

There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more importantfeatures of the invention in order that the detailed description thereofthat follows may be better understood and in order that the presentcontribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are, of course,additional features of the invention that will be described hereinafterand which will form the subject matter of the claims attached.

In this respect, before explaining at least on embodiment of theinvention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is notlimited in its application to the details of construction and to thearrangements of the components set forth in the following description orillustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of otherembodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways.Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminologyemployed herein are for the purpose and descriptions and should not beregarded as limiting.

As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception,upon which this disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basisfor the designing of other formulations, and methods for carrying outthe several purposes of the present invention. It is important,therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalentformulations insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope ofthe present invention.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide new andimproved conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5 Furandione,Metal Salts, and Method of Use of conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene,Polymer with 2,5 Furandione, Metal Salts which has all of the advantagesof the prior art conducting polymers and none of the disadvantages.

It is another object of the present invention to provide new andimproved new and improved conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymerwith 2,5 Furandione, Metal Salts, and Method of Use of conductingpolymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5 Furandione, Metal Salts whichmay be easily and efficiently manufactured and marketed.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide new andimproved new and improved conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymerwith 2,5 Furandione, Metal Salts, and Method of Use of conductingpolymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5 Furandione, Metal Salts whichare easily reproduced.

An even further objective of the present invention is to provide new andimproved new and improved conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymerwith 2,5 Furandione, Metal Salts, and Method of Use of conductingpolymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5 Furandione, Metal Salts whichis susceptible to a low cost of manufacture with regard to bothmaterials and labor, and which accordingly is then susceptible to lowprices of sale to the consuming public, thereby making such new andimproved conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5 Furandione,Metal Salts, and Method of Use of conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene,Polymer with 2,5 Furandione, Metal Salts economically available to thebuying public.

Even still another object of the present invention is to provide new andimproved conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5 Furandione,Metal Salts, and Method of Use of conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene,Polymer with 2,5 Furandione, Metal Salts for use in energy storage andtransmission.

Lastly, it is an object of the present invention to provide new andimproved conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5 Furandione,Metal Salts, and Method of Use of conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene,Polymer with 2,5 Furandione, Metal Salts for use as anti-bacterial,anti-fungal, anti-mold, anti-viral, anti-mildew, anti-algal, andanti-fouling agents.

These together with other objects of the invention, along with thevarious features of novelty which characterize the invention, arepointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming apart of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention,its operating advantages and the specific objects attained by its uses,reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptivematter in which there are illustrated preferred embodiments of theinvention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will be better understood and objects other than those setforth above will become apparent when consideration is given to thefollowing detailed description thereof. Such description makes referenceto the annexed drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 is a drawing of the compound, showing the pertinent structure andformula, wherein M is a metal ion, R′, R″, and R′″ are one of thestructures from the group of structures which include alkyl, alkenyl,and aryl structures; n is an integer number, including 0, of methylenegroups; and n′ is an integer number of monomer units.

FIG. 2 is a drawing of a synthetic route for 1-Octadecene, polymer with2,5-furandione metal salt analogs, wherein M is a metal, R is H, R′, R″,and R′″ are one of the structures from the group of structures whichinclude alkyl, alkenyl, and aryl structures; n is an integer number,including 0, of methylene groups; n′ is an integer number of monomerunits, and x and y represent the number of metal and polyatomic ions,respectively.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

With reference now to the drawings, and in particular to FIG. 1 thereof,the preferred embodiment of the new and improved conducting polymers,1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5-Furandione, Metal Salts embodying theprinciples and concepts of the present invention will be described.Simplistically stated, the polymer herein described comprises aplurality of reactive groups, being carboxylates or carboxylic acidgroups bound to valent metal ions. The term “valent metal ion” refers toa member of the group of valent metal ions which includes monovalentmetal ions, divalent metal ions, trivalent metal ions, tetravalent metalions, and pentavalent metal ions. The reactive groups are directlybonded to the carbon backbone. It is understood to those skilled in theart that a monovalent metal ion is capable of binding to one reactivegroup, a divalent metal ion is capable of binding to two reactivegroups, a trivalent metal ion is capable of binding to three reactivegroups, a tetravalent metal ion is capable of binding to four reactivegroups, and a pentavalent metal ion is capable of binding to fivereactive groups.

It should be understood that reference to “valent metal ions”, when usedto refer to a monovalent ion, means that the bond is with at least onereactive group. Likewise, reference to valent metal ions, when used torefer to a divalent metal ion, means that the bond is with at least tworeactive groups. The term valent metal ions, when used to refer to atrivalent ion, means that the bond is with at least three reactivegroups. The term valent metal ions, when used to refer to a tetravalentmetal ion, means that the bond is with at least four reactive groups.The term valent metal ions, when used to refer to a pentavalent ion,means that the bond is with at least five reactive groups.

The initial, or primary component, for the synthesis, is produced by aprocess that is described and disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,964,688,issued to J. P. Laurino, entitled “Chelating compound, and method of useof, poly(1-octadecyl-butanedioate) and the corresponding acid,poly(1-octadecyl-butane dioic acid). The conducting polymers,1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5-Furandione, Metal Salts, may be preparedfrom the polycarboxylate as shown in FIG. 2 and as follows:

10 grams of the polycarboxylate is added to a solution of the metalnitrate at room temperature. The reaction mixture is allowed to reactfor 5 minutes, vacuum filtered, and the solid conducting polymer dried.

There are other methods to produce the conducing polymers, 1-Octadecene,Polymer with 2,5-Furandione, Metal Salts. One method is to use thecorresponding polyester. Subsequent hydrolysis of the polyester wouldproduce the polycarboxylate, which could then be reacted with the metalnitrate solution. Additionally, other soluble metal salts can be used toprepare the conducting polymer from the polycarboxylate. These reactionschemes would be obvious to someone skilled in the art of organicsynthesis or polymer synthesis.

It should also be noted that the polycarboxylate has two differentbinding site populations. In FIG. 2. if n=0, the reactive groups in therepeating unit are two carbons apart while the reactive groups betweenthe repeating units are four carbons apart. It is readily apparent thatthese two binding sites have different three-dimensional geometries.Additionally, the reactive groups must be attached to the backbone anddo not have to be attached to adjacent carbon atoms. Therefore, it ispossible that the polymer chain(s), being flexible, is (are) able tosurround the metal, thereby enhancing binding to the metal ions.

FIGURES

FIG. 1 shows the pertinent structure and formula of the conducingpolymers, 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5-Furandione, Metal Salts. FIG. 1is the first configuration of the compound.

FIG. 2 shows a synthetic route for conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene,polymer with 2,5-furandione metal salt analogs. Given the measuredconductivity of the conducting polymers, 1-Octadecene, polymer with2,5-furandione metal salt analogs, the polymers described herein haveseveral potential uses that are beneficial. The polymers can be used asa conducting means which is at least one of the conductors from thegroup of conductors which includes films, wires, electrodes, nanowires,fibers, filaments, inks, printed circuits, and printed products.

These polymers can also be used as electrical component means, which isat least one of the group of electrical components which includeselectrolytic capacitors, switches, injection molded products,temperature gauges, solenoids, photovoltaic cells, displays, electricglues, energy storage cells, semiconductors, biosensors, and electricalimpedance sensors.

Additionally, these metal-bonded polymers can serve as components ofantimicrobial and antiviral barrier means, which is at least one of thegroup of antimicrobial and antiviral barriers which includes bandages,gowns, gloves, sutures, surgical draping, clothing, bedding, and barrieritems including sheets, screens, bags, masks, head covers, air filters,room dividers, flooring, and injection molded plastics.

These metal-bonded polymers can also serve as a radiation barrier means,which is at least one of the group of radiation barriers which includesclothing, gloves, screens, room partitions, draping, sheets, bedding,gowns, bags, masks, head covers, air filters, room dividers, flooring,and injection molded plastics. Similarly, these metal-bonded polymerscan also be used as an anti-fouling means, which is at least one of theanti-fouling agents which includes anti-mold agents, anti-mildew agents,anti-algal agents, and anti-fouling agents.

These polymers can also be used as an anti-infective means, in thepreparation of anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, andanti-diabetic pharmaceutical compounds and cosmetic preparations. AnAnti-infective means is at least one of the group of anti-infectiveagents which includes anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective,and anti-diabetic pharmaceutical compounds and cosmetic preparations.

These polymers can also be used in the preparation of photographic meanswhich is at least one of the group of photographic materials whichincludes photosensitive materials containing polymer-chelated metals.

These polymers can also be used in the preparation of “treatment means”,which is one of a group of treatments which includes anti-cancertreatments, anti-inflammatory treatments, anti-infective treatments,disinfectants, anti-diabetic pharmaceutical compounds and cosmeticpreparations. (Warra, A. A., Transition Metal Complexes and TheirApplication in Drugs and Cosmetics—A Review, J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 3(4):951-958 (2011)). They can also be used in the preparation of dietarysupplements, diagnostic agents, and dental filings and implants.Additionally, these polymers can also be used in the preparation offertilizer means and pesticide means.

A fertilizer means is at least one of the group of fertilizermicronutrients which includes iron, manganese, zinc, copper, and nickel.

A pesticide means is at least one of the group of pesticide componentswhich includes copper, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, lead, zinc, iron, andmanganese.

Lastly, these polymers can also be used as a “catalyst means”. Acatalyst means is at least one of the group of polymer catalysts thatincludes a transition metal or a non-transition metal.

The non-transition Metals are Aluminum and Lead. The transition Metalsare Scandium, Titanium, Vanadium, Chromium, Manganese, Iron, Cobalt,Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Yttrium, Zirconium, Niobium, Molybdenum,Technetium, Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Silver, Cadmium, Hafnium,Tantalum, Tungsten, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum, Gold, Mercury, Lutentium,and Rhenium.

As to the manner of usage and operation of the present invention, thesame should be apparent from the above description. Accordingly, nofurther discussion relating to the manner of usage and operation will beprovided.

With respect to the above description then, it is to be realized thatthe optimum dimensional relationships for the parts of the invention, toinclude variations in size, materials, shape, form, function, and mannerof operation, assembly and use, are deemed readily apparent and obviousto one skilled in the art, and all equivalent relationships to thoseillustrated in the drawings and described in the specifications areintended to be encompassed by the present invention.

Therefore, the foregoing is considered as illustrative only of theprinciples of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications andchanges will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is notdesired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operationshown and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications andequivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of theinvention.

What is claimed as being new and desired to be protected by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:
 1. The conducting polymer

having an acid number greater than 100, wherein M is a valent metal ion which is bonded to at least one reactive group, R′, R″, and R′″ are one of the structures from the group of structures which include alkyl, alkenyl, and aryl structures, n is an integer number of methylene groups with the integer number including 0, and n′ is an integer number of monomer units.
 2. The polymer described in claim 1 wherein the polymer is used as a conducting means.
 3. The polymer described in claim 1 wherein the polymer is used as an electronic component means.
 4. The polymer described in claim 1 wherein the polymer is used as a treatment means.
 5. The polymer described in claim 1 wherein the polymer is used as an anti-fouling means.
 6. The polymer as described in claim 1, wherein the polymer is an anti-infective means.
 7. The polymer as described in claim 1, wherein the polymer is a barrier means.
 8. The polymer as described in claim 1, wherein the polymer is a photographic means.
 9. The polymer as described in claim 1, wherein the polymer is a fertilizer means.
 10. The polymer as described in claim 1, wherein the polymer is a pesticide means.
 11. The polymer as described in claim 1, wherein the polymer is a catalyst means. 